Tableau is the powerful and fastest visualizing tool which is used in the Business Intelligence (BI. Industry. It simplifies the raw data into an understandable format. Analysis of the data becomes faster with Tableau. The visualizations can be created in the form of dashboards. The visualizations or diagrammatic representation of data can easily be understood by the employees of the organizations who are at different levels.

List out Tableau File Extensions.

The below ones are few extensions in Tableau:

Tableau Workbook (.twb.
Tableau Data extract (.tde.
Tableau Datasource (.tds.
Tableau Packaged Datasource (.tdsx.
Tableau Bookmark (.tbm.
Tableau Map Source (.tms.
Tableau Packaged Workbook (.twbx. – zip file containing .twb and external files.
Tableau Preferences (.tps.

Define Heat Map?

Heat map is a graphical representation of data which uses the colour-coding technique to represent different values of data. As the marks heat up due to its higher value, dark colour will be shown on the map.

Define Tree Map?

Tree Map is a visualization which organizes data hierarchically and shows them as a set of nested rectangles. Size and colours of rectangles are respective to their values of the data points they project. Parent rectangles will be tiled with their child elements.

What are the different data types in Tableau?

Tableau supports below data types.

Data Type	Meaning	Examples
String	Character Sequence. Enclosed in ”.	Tableau’, ‘World’
Number (Whole.	Integers
Number (decimal.	Floating values.	.
Boolean	They are logical values.	TRUE, FALSE
Date	Date	“//”
Date & Time	Date and Time	January :: PM
Geographic Values	Geographical Values	India, Italy, Canada

Define Page Shelf in Tableau?

Page shelf breaks the views into a series of pages. It displays an alternate view on each page. Due to this feature, you can analyze the effect of each field into the rest of the data in the view.

Define story in Tableau?

Story can be defined as a sheet which is a collection of series of worksheets and dashboards used to convey the insights of data. A story can be used to show the connection between facts and outcomes that impacts the decision-making process. A story can be published to the web or can be presented to the audience.

Give an overview of the fact and dimension of the table?

Facts are numeric measures of data. They are stored in fact tables. Fact tables store that type of data which will be analyzed by dimension tables. Fact tables have foreign keys associating with dimension tables.

Dimensions are descriptive attributes of data. Those will be stored in dimensions table. For example, customer’s information like name, number, and email will be stored in the dimension table.

What are different Joins in Tableau?

Tableau works the same as SQL. So, it supports all joins possible in SQL

Left Outer Join
Right Outer Join
Full Outer Join
Inner Join

What is Data Modelling?

Data modelling is the analysis of data objects that are used in a business or other context and also used as identification of the relationships among these data objects. It is a first step of doing object-oriented programming.

Define Dual axis?

Dual axis is used to show measures in a single graph. It allows you to compare measures at once. Many websites like indeed use this Dual axis to show the comparisons and growth rate.

Define blended axis?

Multiple measures can share in a single axis so that all the marks will be shown in a single pane. We can blend measures by dragging the st measure on one axis and nd on the existing axis.

Explain the limitation of context filters in Tableau?

Whenever we set a context filter, Tableau generates a temp table which needs to refresh each and every time, whenever the view is triggered. So, if the context filter is changed in the database, it needs to recompute the temp table, so the performance will be decreased.

What is Mark Card in Tableau?

There is a card to the left of the view where we can drag fields and control mark properties like colour, size, type, shape, detail, label, and tooltip.

Define published data source?

When you are ready to make a data source available to other tableau desktop user. You can publish it to the tableau server or online. Or else you can make it available by saving the same like embedded excel or text file.

What is data visualization?

Data visualization means the graphical representation of data or information. We can use visual objects like graphs, charts, bars and a lot more. Data visualization tools provide an accessible way to see and understand the data easily.

What is Tableau Reader?

Tableau Reader is a free desktop application, where you can read and interact with the Tableau packaged workbooks. It can only open the files but cannot create new connections to the workbook.

Mention what is the difference between published data sources and embedded data sources in Tableau?

Published data source contains connection information which is independent on workbooks and can be used by multiple workbooks.

The embedded data source contains connection information but it is associative with the workbooks.

What is the Bar Chart in Tableau?

Bar chart visualize the data as set of rectangle bars, as their values are proportional to lengths when they represent the data. The vertical axis shows the category to which they belong to and horizontal axis shows the values. So, the bar chart is a vertical version of the Column chart.

What is the Line Chart?

Line chart is a popular type of diagrammatic way for visualizing the data, it connects the individual data points to view the data. We can easily visualize the series of values, we can see trends over time or predict future values. Horizontal axis holds the category to which it belongs and vertical axis hold the values.

What is a Stacked Bar chart?

Stacked Bar Chart, composed of multiple bars stacked horizontally, one below the other. The length of the bar depends on the value in the data point. Stacked bar chart make the work easier, they will help us to know the changes in all variables presented, side by side. We can watch the changes in their total and forecast future values.

What is a Stacked Column Chart?

Stacked Column Chart, composed of multiple bars stacked vertically, one on another. The length of the bar depends on the value in the data point. A stacked column chart is the best one to know the changes in all variables. This type of charts should be checked when a number of series is higher than two.

What is Context Filter and show the steps on how to create the Context Filter Tableau?

Context Filters are applied to the data rows before any other filters. They are limited to views, but they can be applied on selected sheets. They define Aggregation and Disaggregation of data in Tableau

Step : Drag the subcategory dimensions to the row shelf and the measure sales to the column shelf. Now choose the horizontal bar chart as chart type and again drag the sub category dimensions to the filter shelf. Then we will get the following chart.

Step : Right-click on the Sub-Category field in the filter shelf and go the Top fourth tab. Choose the option field, from the next drop-down and choose the option Top by Sales Sum as shown in the following screenshot.

Step : Drag the dimension Category to the filter shelf. Give right-click on the general tab to edit and under that choose Furniture from the list. As you can see the result shows three subcategories of products.

Step : Right-click the Category: Furniture filter and select the option Add to Context. This produces the final result, which shows the subcategory of products from the category Furniture which are among the top subcategories across all the products.

What are the products offered by Tableau? Explain a few things about them.

Tableau has main products.

Tableau Prep: Tableau Prep is responsible for preparing data for analysis. This tool provides coordinated views which provide us with a complete picture of data.

Tableau Desktop: Tableau Desktop is the place where the analysis happens. It has a powerful drag and drops analytics which is very easy to use. Through desktop, you get your data insights quickly.

Tableau Online: Tableau Online is a secure and scalable self-service analytics cloud tool. You can use it anywhere, anytime and it has eliminated the complexities of IT.

Tableau Server: From small to large enterprises, Tableau server is used for fulfilling their BI requirements. This is an on-premise solution. This tool can take data from anywhere and shared across the organization through desktop or mobile browsers.

Differentiate parameters and filters in Tableau

Filters are the simpler and straightforward feature in Tableau. It applies to dimension or measures directly. For example, to only show Gujarat or Karnataka in a State dimension, we can apply the filter on that. In Tableau, there are multiple UI options available for filters like radio buttons, drop-down lists, checkboxes, sliders, and more. Filters on sheets are also available in Tableau.

Parameters are like variables. They are complex and more powerful. Like a variable, a parameter can be used in calculations. So, that means, it only allows single value. Parameters have same UI options except for checkboxes because checkboxes don’t have a single value. For example, we can create a parameter for interest rate and period, and then we can use these parameters to calculate interest and principal payments.

Differentiate between Tiled and Floating in dashboards?

In a tiled layout, items don’t overlap. The layout will be adjusted according to dashboard size. In Floating layout, items can be placed on some other layers. Floating items can have fixed position and size.

Categorize dimensions in Tableau?

Dimensions are divided into various categories

Slowly ever-changing Dimension: Value of the dimension changes over an amount of time for slowly ever-changing dimensions.

Example – student of worker

Chop-chop ever-changing Dimension: Value in the dimension is rapidly changing for chop-chop ever-changing dimensions.

Example – Age (It changes every second.

Unchanged Dimension: Values are constant for unchanged dimension.

Example – Traffic Signals

Shrunken Dimension: Set of dimension is termed as Shrunken Dimension.

Example – A week is Shrunken dimension for the month

Junk Dimension: Junk values or unrelated dimensions are termed as Junk Dimension.

Conformed Dimension: If any dimension is provided by various business areas, then such a dimension is termed as Conformed Dimension.

Example – Time (-. for any company or hospital or college

Degenerated Dimension: Degenerated dimensions have primary keys only without any matter info.

Role enjoying Dimension: If one dimension is employed in multiple roles, then they are termed as Role enjoying Dimensions.

Example – Date for e-commerce site order (Date of Order, Date of Shipment, Date of delivery.

Inferred Dimension: Empty dimensions are called inferred dimensions. They are usually used in ETL.

Example – Customer email which he may not enter while submitting any form will be filled as null.

What is VIZQL in Tableau?

VIZQL is Visual Inquiry Language. It is a combination of VIZ and SQL. It is similar to SQL language. But instead of SQL commands, VIZQL language converts data queries into visual images.

Differentiate discrete and continuous data roles in Tableau

Discrete data roles consist of values which are separate and distinct. Discrete data roles can take individual values within a range. For Example – cancer patients in the hospital, no. of threads in a sheet, state. Discrete values are displayed as blue icons in the data window and blue pills on shelves. Discrete fields can be sorted.

Continuous data roles consist of any value within finite or infinite interval. For Example – age, unit price, order quantity. Continuous values displayed as green icons in data window and green pills on shelves. Continuous fields cannot be sorted.

What is the difference between Traditional BI Tools and Tableau?

Traditional BI	Tableau
BI Architecture has hardware limitations.	Tableau does not have dependencies.
It does not support in-memory, multi-thread, and multi-core computing.	It supports the memory when used the advanced technologies.
It has a predefined view of data.	It uses predictive analysis for various business operations.
We should need a good knowledge of BI and skills.	It is easy working and understanding without the knowledge of BI and the skills
Data security is provided	Data security is not provided for public, whereas in the professional version.

Define performance testing in terms of Tableau

We can check the performance of Tableau by the following ways.

We can create performance recording to keep track of performance details of main events while interacting with workbooks. Then, these performance metrics can be viewed by user and analyzed. Navigation to start/stop performance recording is Help→Settings and Performance>→ Start Performance Recording Help→ Setting and Performance → Stop Performance Recording
Review the logs created by Tableau Desktop. Location for log files is C:UsersMy DocumentsMy Tableau Repository.
For live connection, check the log files log.txt and tabprotosrv.txt.
For Extract connection, check the log file tdeserver.txt

What is the difference between .twb and .twbx extensions?

.twb: .twb means Tableau workbook. .twb is an XML sheet, it stores the data about your documents, stories, and dashboards. This file is the reference to the source file such as Excel or tde. This file will be linked to your source file when you save the TWB file. If you want to share your workbook you need to send both workbook and data source file.

.twbx: It is a compressed file, where you have all files. It includes data source file, twb and other files to produce the workbook. TWBX is obsolete for sharing because it will share the copy of the file instead of an original source file. .twbx is used for reports and we can view using the tableau viewer.

Why Tableau?

Tableau is very simple and user-friendly.
Tableau helps in analyzing the data and using this one can change the raw data into an understandable format.
User can blend the data with the other data to create their own views on the data and to share it with the customers, and colleagues.
User can manage a large amount of data.
It can easily integrate with multiple data sources.
Tableau can create complex graphs which simply look like pivot table graphs in Excel.
It gives quick calculations on datasets.
User can create the visuals easily and switch between the types, to find the model to represent the user messages.
User can create the visuals easily and switch between the types, to find the model to represent the user messages.

How to create a calculated field in Tableau?

Step : Select Analysis -> drop down will open -> Select create calculated field

Step : Calculation Editor Box will open, give the name to the calculated field.

Step : Enter a formula in the calculation editor.

Example: Sum(Profits./Sum(Sales.. (Calculation Editor validates the formula.

Step : Click, Ok.

Now, the new calculated field added to the data pane.

Are there any limitations of parameters in Tableau? If yes, give details.

Tableau dashboard allows the representation of parameters in four ways only. They don’t allow any multiple values like a filter can do. They only allow a single value.

Tell me different ways to use parameters in Tableau

Filters
calculated fields
actions
measure-swaps
changing views
auto updates

Can we see SQL generated by Tableau Desktop?

Tableau Desktop Log files are placed in C:UsersMy DocumentsMy Tableau Repository. In case of live connection to any data source, check the log file “log.txt” and “tabprotosrv.txt” files. In case of extract connection to any data source, check the “tdeserver.txt” file which has detailed information about queries.

If the owner of the published workbooks license expires, then can other users see those workbooks?

If the owner of published workbooks license expires then his/her role will change to “Unlicensed”. He/She cannot access those workbooks, but others can. Only site admin can change the ownership of those workbooks.

Can we remove the All options from a Tableau auto-filter?

Follow few steps

Go to the Segment filter,Click on the small drop arrow which is on the right side.
Select Customize.
Then we can visible small drop box under customize, uncheck the option for “ All” Value.

How to add custom colour to Tableau?

To add custom colour in Tableau, we need to follow below steps

Generate custom colour code and create it in “Preferences.tps”
Navigate to Documents→ My Table Repository→ Preferences.tps
Add note for custom colour code

Can we create cascading filters without using context filters?

Cascading filters means filter values are dependent on filter value. For Example, filter is country and if we select “India” for filter, filter values should show all Indian states. This feature we can achieve by using the option “Only Relevant Values”.

How can we display top and bottom of records in a single Tableau view?

To achieve this, we need to create views

View which contains top records
View which contains bottom records
View which is a join of View and View

Can we download views or workbooks from the server? If yes, in which data formats?

We can download views or workbooks from the server. But, data formats available to us depend on the permissions granted by site administrators or content owners.

Image: .png format
Data: .csv file.

We can also download selected sheets into PDF format, but while generating PDF, web page objects won’t be included.

Can we use unused columns (Columns which are not used in reports but data source has columns. in Tableau Filters?

Yes, we can use unused columns in tableau filters.

Let us consider one example.

In data source, I have column like emp_id, emp_name, emp_sal, emp_dep, emp_designation. But, in reports, I am using emp_name in columns and emp-sal in rows. I can use emp_designation on filters.

What is the benefit of Tableau extract file over the live connection?

Extract file can be used without any connections and you can build your own visualisation without connecting to the database.

How many tables joins are possible in Tableau?

We can join tables in Tableau.

Can we place an excel file in a shared location and use it to develop a report and refresh it in regular intervals?

Yes, we can place excel file in a shared location and we can use it to develop a report, but for better performance, we need to extract the file.

How can u set permissions or protect the data in tableau public?

Tableau does not have any security permissions or to protect the data in Tableau public. Whatever we shared in Tableau public those files, workbooks can be view by all users. There is no security option in Tableau public.

If I delete a workbook from tableau public and there are links to other blogs and other web locations. What happens to them?

Tableau public is like a repository, if you delete anything in the Tableau public the data will be lost, even if links are in other locations and blogs. We cannot access those links.

Mention whether you can create relational joins in Tableau without creating a new table?

Yes, we can create relational joins in Tableau without creating a new table

How to use group in calculations field?

Option :

We can create the group by using the calculated field.

Step : Select Analysis-> click the calculated field

Step : Enter the field name (a dialogue box will appear.

Step : Enter the calculation -> Click Ok.

Example:

[Container]=’Lunch Box’ then ‘Small Containers’

ELSEIFI [Container]=’Jumbo Drum’ then ‘Big Containers’

ELSEIF [Container]=Lunch Box’ then ‘Small Containers’

ELSEIF [Container]=’Small Box’ then ‘Midsize Containers’

ELSEIF [Container]=’Wrap Box’ then ‘Big Containers’

ELSEIF [Container]=’Small Box’ then ‘Little Containers’

ELSEIF [Container]=’Small Pack’ then ‘Little Containers’

END

The above calculation creates the group with four values: Little Containers, Big Containers, Small Containers, Midsize Containers.

Option :

Create a set from the group, and use the set in the calculated field.

Step : Right click on the Data Pane and then select Create Set.

Step : Create a set dialogue box will open,

Enter the field name.

Select the group, on the general tab.

Step : Click Ok.

Can Tableau be installed on macOS?

Yes, Tableau can be installed on both Windows Operating system and macOS.

How to automate reports in Tableau?

When we are publishing the reports to Tableau Server, there we will find an option to schedule report, just select the time when you want to refresh the data.

Which databases gives the best performance when connected live?

Native Database gives the best performance when connected live.

What is Tableau Public?

Tableau Public is an open source and free service which allows anyone to publish the data source and visualizations to the web. These visualizations can then be embedded into blogs or web pages. They can also be distributed through email or social media. Moreover, they can be made downloadable by other end users. For Tableau Public, no programming skills are needed. It can be accessed by anyone free of cost.

What is the difference between Traditional BI Tools and Tableau?

Traditional BI Tools vs Tableau
Traditional BI Tools	Tableau
. Architecture has hardware limitations.	. Do not have dependencies.
. Based on a complex set of technologies.	. Based on Associative Search which makes it dynamic and fast
. Do not support in-memory, multi-thread, multi-core computing.	. Supports in memory when used with advanced technologies.
. Has a predefined view of data.	. Uses predictive analysis for various business operations.

What are the different Tableau Products and what is the latest version of Tableau?

Here is the Tableau Product family.

(i.Tableau Desktop:

It is a self service business analytics and data visualization that anyone can use. It translates pictures of data into optimized queries. With tableau desktop, you can directly connect to data from your data warehouse for live upto date data analysis. You can also perform queries without writing a single line of code. Import all your data into Tableau’s data engine from multiple sources & integrate altogether by combining multiple views in a interactive dashboard.

(ii.Tableau Server:

It is more of an enterprise level Tableau software. You can publish dashboards with Tableau Desktop and share them throughout the organization with web-based Tableau server. It leverages fast databases through live connections.

(iii.Tableau Online:

This is a hosted version of Tableau server which helps makes business intelligence faster and easier than before. You can publish Tableau dashboards with Tableau Desktop and share them with colleagues.

(iv.Tableau Reader:

It’s a free desktop application that enables you to open and view visualizations that are built in Tableau Desktop. You can filter, drill down data but you cannot edit or perform any kind of interactions.

(v.Tableau Public:

This is a free Tableau software which you can use to make visualizations with but you need to save your workbook or worksheets in the Tableau Server which can be viewed by anyone.

What are Measures and Dimensions?

Measures are the numeric metrics or measurable quantities of the data, which can be analyzed by dimension table. Measures are stored in a table that contain foreign keys referring uniquely to the associated dimension tables. The table supports data storage at atomic level and thus, allows more number of records to be inserted at one time. For instance, a Sales table can have product key, customer key, promotion key, items sold, referring to a specific event.

Dimensions are the descriptive attribute values for multiple dimensions of each attribute, defining multiple characteristics. A dimension table ,having reference of a product key form the table, can consist of product name, product type, size, color, description, etc.

This video will give you an overview of Tableau’s job market trends, career path in Tableau and how to get your dream Tableau job along with interview questions answered by a Tableau expert.

What is the difference between .twb and .twbx extension?

A .twb is an xml document which contains all the selections and layout made you have made in your Tableau workbook. It does not contain any data.
A .twbx is a ‘zipped’ archive containing a .twb and any external files such as extracts and background images.

What are shelves?

They are Named areas to the left and top of the view. You build views by placing fields onto the shelves. Some shelves are available only when you select certain mark types.

What are sets?

Sets are custom fields that define a subset of data based on some conditions. A set can be based on a computed condition, for example, a set may contain customers with sales over a certain threshold. Computed sets update as your data changes. Alternatively, a set can be based on specific data point in your view.

What are groups?

A group is a combination of dimension members that make higher level categories. For example, if you are working with a view that shows average test scores by major, you may want to group certain majors together to create major categories.

How to create a calculated field in Tableau?

Click the drop down to the right of Dimensions on the Data pane and select “Create > Calculated Field” to open the calculation editor.
Name the new field and create a formula.

Take a look at the example below:

What is a dual axis?

Dual Axis is an excellent phenomenon supported by Tableau that helps users view two scales of two measures in the same graph. Many websites like Indeed.com and other make use of dual axis to show the comparison between two measures and their growth rate in a septic set of years. Dual axes let you compare multiple measures at once, having two independent axes layered on top of one another. This is how it looks like:

What is the difference between a tree map and heat map?

A heat map can be used for comparing categories with color and size. With heat maps, you can compare two different measures together.

A tree map also does the same except it is considered a very powerful visualization as it can be used for illustrating hierarchical data and part-to-whole relationships.

What is disaggregation and aggregation of data?

The process of viewing numeric values or measures at higher and more summarized levels of the data is called aggregation. When you place a measure on a shelf, Tableau automatically aggregates the data, usually by summing it. You can easily determine the aggregation applied to a field because the function always appears in front of the field’s name when it is placed on a shelf. For example, Sales becomes SUM(Sales.. You can aggregate measures using Tableau only for relational data sources. Multidimensional data sources contain aggregated data only. In Tableau, multidimensional data sources are supported only in Windows.

According to Tableau, Disaggregating your data allows you to view every row of the data source which can be useful when you are analyzing measures that you may want to use both independently and dependently in the view. For example, you may be analyzing the results from a product satisfaction survey with the Age of participants along one axis. You can aggregate the Age field to determine the average age of participants or disaggregate the data to determine what age participants were most satisfied with the product.

How to view underlying SQL Queries in Tableau?

Viewing underlying SQL Queries in Tableau provides two options:

Create a Performance Recording to record performance information about the main events you interact with workbook. Users can view the performance metrics in a workbook created by Tableau.
Help -> Settings and Performance -> Start Performance Recording
Help -> Setting and Performance -> Stop Performance Recording.
Reviewing the Tableau Desktop Logs located at C:UsersMy DocumentsMy Tableau Repository. For live connection to data source, you can check log.txt and tabprotosrv.txt files. For an extract, check tdeserver.txt file.

How to do Performance Testing in Tableau?

Performance testing is again an important part of implementing tableau. This can be done by loading Testing Tableau Server with TabJolt, which is a “Point and Run” load generator created to perform QA. While TabJolt is not supported by tableau directly, it has to be installed using other open source products.

What is TDE file?

TDE is a Tableau desktop file that contains a .tde extension. It refers to the file that contains data extracted from external sources like MS Excel, MS Access or CSV file.
There are two aspects of TDE design that make them ideal for supporting analytics and data discovery.

Firstly, TDE is a columnar store.
The second is how they are structured which impacts how they are loaded into memory and used by Tableau. This is an important aspect of how TDEs are “architecture aware”. Architecture-awareness means that TDEs use all parts of your computer memory, from RAM to hard disk, and put each part to work what best fits its characteristics.

Mention whether you can create relational joins in Tableau without creating a new table?

Yes, one can create relational joins in tableau without creating a new table.

How to automate reports?

You need to publish report to tableau server, while publishing you will find one option to schedule reports.You just need to select the time when you want to refresh data.

What is Assume referential integrity?

In some cases, you can improve query performance by selecting the option to Assume Referential Integrity from the Data menu. When you use this option, Tableau will include the joined table in the query only if it is specifically referenced by fields in the view.

Explain when would you use Joins vs. Blending in Tableau?

If data resides in a single source, it is always desirable to use Joins. When your data is not in one place blending is the most viable way to create a left join like the connection between your primary and secondary data sources.

How to create stories in Tableau?

There are many ways to create story in Tableau. Each story point can be based on a different view or dashboard, or the entire story can be based on the same visualization, just seen at different stages, with different marks filtered and annotations added. You can use stories to make a business case or to simply narrate a sequence of events.

Click the New Story tab.
In the lower-left corner of the screen, choose a size for your story. Choose from one of the predefined sizes, or set a custom size, in pixels.
By default, your story gets its title from its sheet name. To edit it, double-click the title. You can also change your title’s font, color, and alignment. Click Apply to view your changes.
To start building your story, drag a sheet from the Story tab on the left and drop it into the center of the view
Click Add a caption to summarize the story point.
To highlight a key takeaway for your viewers, drag a text object over to the story worksheet and type your comment.
To further highlight the main idea of this story point, you can change a filter or sort on a field in the view, then save your changes by clicking Update above the navigator box.

What is the DRIVE Program Methodology?

Tableau Drive is a methodology for scaling out self-service analytics. Drive is based on best practices from successful enterprise deployments. The methodology relies on iterative, agile methods that are faster and more effective than traditional long-cycle deployment.

A cornerstone of this approach is a new model of partnership between business and IT.

How to use group in calculated field?

By adding the same calculation to ‘Group By’ clause in SQL query or creating a Calculated Field in the Data Window and using that field whenever you want to group the fields.

Using groups in a calculation. You cannot reference ad-hoc groups in a calculation.
Blend data using groups created in the secondary data source: Only calculated groups can be used in data blending if the group was created in the secondary data source.
Use a group in another workbook. You can easily replicate a group in another workbook by copy and pasting a calculation.

Mention what is the difference between published data sources and embedded data sources in Tableau?

The difference between published data source and embedded data source is that,

Published data source: It contains connection information that is independent of any workbook and can be used by multiple workbooks.
Embedded data source: It contains connection information and is associated with a workbook.

Design a view in a map such that if user selects any state, the cities under that state has to show profit and sales.

According to your question you must have state, city, profit and sales fields in your dataset.

Step : Double click on the state field

Step : Drag the city and drop it into Marks card.

Step : Drag the sales and drop it into size.

Step : Drag profit and drop it into color.

Step : Click on size legend and increase the size.

Step : Right click on state field and select show quick filter.

Step : Select any state now and check the view.

Think that I am using Tableau Desktop & have a live connection to Cloudera Hadoop data. I need to press F to refresh the visualization. Is there anyway to automatically refresh visualization every ‘x’ seconds instead of pressing F?

Here is an example of refreshing the dashboard for every seconds.

All you need to do is replace the api src and server url with yours.

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

<title>Tableau JavaScript API </title>

</head>

var placeholderDiv = document.getElementById(“tableau Viz”.;

var url = “http://servername/t//views/Mayorscreenv/Mayorscreenv”;

var options={

hideTabs:True,

width:”%”,

height:”px”

};

var viz= new tableauSoftware.Viz(placeholderDiv,url,options.;

setInterval (function(. {viz.refreshDataAsync(.},.;

</script>

</body>

</html>

Suppose my license expires today, will users be able to view dashboards or workbooks which I published in the server earlier?

If your server license expires today, your username on the server will have the role ‘unlicensed’ which means you cannot access but others can. The site admin can change the ownership to another person so that the extracts do not fail.

Can Tableau be installed on MacOS?

Yes, Tableau Desktop can be installed on both on Mac and Windows Operating System.

What is the maximum no. of rows Tableau can utilize at one time?

Tableau is not restricted by the no. of rows in the table. Customers use Tableau to access petabytes of data because it only retrieves the rows and columns needed to answer your questions.

When publishing workbooks on Tableau online, sometimes a error about needing to extract appears. Why does it happen occasionally?

This happens when a user is trying to publish a workbook that is connected to an internal server or a file stored on a local drive, such as a SQL server that is within a company’s network.

I hope that this Tableau Interview Questions were helpful to you. I will be coming up with more blogs on Tableau for you all very soon.

What Are the Data Types Supported in Tableau?

Following data types are supported in Tableau:

Text (string. values
Date values
Date and time values
Numerical values
Boolean values (relational only.
Geographical values (used with maps.

How Will You Understand Dimensions and Measures?

Dimensions

Measures

Dimensions contain qualitative values (such as names, dates, or geographical data.

You can use dimensions to categorize, segment, and reveal the details in your data.

Example: Category, City, Country, Customer ID, Customer Name, Order Date, Order ID

Measures contain numeric, quantitative values that you can measure (such as Sales, Profit.

Measures can be aggregated

Example: Profit, Quantity, Rank, Sales, Sales per Customer, Total Orders

What is Meant by ‘discrete’ and ‘continuous’ in Tableau?

Tableau represents data depending on whether the field is discrete (blue. or continuous (green..

Discrete – “individually separate and distinct.”
Continuous – “forming an unbroken whole without interruption.”

The values are as shown:

What Are the Filters? Name the Different Filters in Tableau.

Tableau filters are a way of restricting the content of the data that may enter a Tableau workbook, dashboard, or view.

The Different Types of Tableau Filters are:

Extract filters
Context filters
Data source filters
Filters on measures
Filters on dimensions
Table calculation filter

What Are the Different Joins in Tableau?

Joining is a method for combining related data on a common key. Below is a table that lists the different types of joins:

What is the Difference Between Joining and Blending?

Combining the data from two or more different sources is data blending, such as Oracle, Excel, and SQL Server. In data blending, each data source contains its own set of dimensions and measures.

Combining the data between two or more tables or sheets within the same data source is data joining. All the combined tables or sheets contain a common set of dimensions and measures.

What is the Difference Between a Live Connection and an Extract?

Tableau Data Extracts are snapshots of data optimized for aggregation and loaded into system memory to be quickly recalled for visualization.

Example: Hospitals that monitor incoming patient data need to make real-time decisions.

Live connections offer the convenience of real-time updates, with any changes in the data source reflected in Tableau.

Example: Hospitals need to monitor the patient’s weekly or monthly trends that require data extracts.

Did You Know?

When you create an extract of the data, Tableau doesn’t need access to the database to build the visualization, so processing is faster.

If you have a Tableau server, the extract option can be set to a refresh schedule to be updated.

How Can You Display the Top Five and Bottom Five Sales in the Same View?

We can display it using the In/Out functionality of sets.

Follow these steps:

Drag the Customer Name field to Rows shelf and Profit field to Columns shelf to get the visualization.
Create a set by right-clicking on the Customer Name field. Choose to create an option and click on Set.
Provide the name ‘Top Customers’ to the set. Configure the set by clicking on Top tab, selecting By field, and filling the values as Top, , Profit, and Sum.
Similarly, create a second set called ‘Bottom Customers’ and fill the By Field values as Bottom, , Profit, and Sum.
Select these two sets and right-click on it. Use the option Create Combined Set. Name it ‘Top and Bottom Customers’ and include all members of both sets. Pull the Top and Bottom Customers onto Filters.

The top five and bottom five are displayed:

Is There a Difference Between Sets and Groups in Tableau?

A Tableau group is one dimensional, used to create a higher level category by using lower-level category members. Tableau sets can have conditions and can be grouped across multiple dimensions/measures.

Example: Sub-category can be grouped by category.

Top Sales and profit can be clubbed together for different categories by creating a set:

Continuing with the above example of Sets, select the Bottom Customers set where customer names are arranged based on profit.
Go to the ‘Groups’ tab and select the top five entries from the list.
Right-click and select create a group option.
Similarly, select the bottom five entries and create their group. Hide all the other entries.

A key difference here is that the groups will consist of the same customers even if their profits change later. While for sets, if the profit changes, the top five and bottom five customers will change accordingly.

Did You Know?

We can’t use groups in calculated fields, but we can use sets.

What is the Difference Between Tree maps and Heat Maps?

Heat Maps

A Heat map is used to compare categories using color and size. In this, we can distinguish two measures.

Scenario: Show sales and profit in all regions for different product categories and sub-categories.

Follow these steps:

Drag Region field to Columns shelf, and Category and Sub-Category fields in Rows shelf.
Use the ShowMe tool and select the Heat Map.
Observe the hotter and colder regions in the heat map produced:

A heat map is not only defined by color, but you can also use its size. Here we define the size by sale by dragging the Sales tab to Size under marks card, comparing profit and sales through the color and size.

Analysis: Profit is represented by color and ranges from orange for loss to blue for profit. The total sales are represented by size.

Tree Maps

A Treemap is used to represent hierarchical data. The space in the view is divided into rectangles that are sized and ordered by a measure.

Scenario: Show sales and profit in all regions for different product categories and sub-categories.

Select two dimensions Category and Sub-Category
Select two measures Sales and Profit from the data pane.
Use the Show-me tool and select tree-map.

This is how it looks:

Analysis: The larger the size of the node, the higher the profit in that category. Similarly, the darker the node, the more sales in that category.

What is the Difference Between .twbx And .twb?

.twbx

The .twbx contains all of the necessary information to build the visualization along with the data source. This is called a packaged workbook, and it compresses the package of files altogether.

.twb

The .twb contains instructions about how to interact with the data source. When it’s building a visualization, Tableau will look at the data source and then build the visualization with an extract. It can’t be shared alone as it contains only instructions, and the data source needs to be attached separately.

Explain the Difference Between Tableau Worksheet, Dashboard, Story, and Workbook?

Tableau uses a workbook and sheet file structure, much like Microsoft Excel.
A workbook contains sheets, which can be a worksheet, dashboard, or a story.
A worksheet contains a single view along with shelves, legends, and the Data pane.
A dashboard is a collection of views from multiple worksheets.
A story contains a sequence of worksheets or dashboards that work together to convey information.

What Do You Understand the Blended Axis?

Blended Axis is used to blend two measures that share an axis when they have the same scale.

Scenario: Show Min and Max profit in the same pane and have a unified axis for both, so that it is quicker and easier to interpret the chart.

First, create a visualization that shows sales over time. Next, see profit along with sales over the same time. Here, you get two visualizations, one for sales over time and the other for-profit over time.

To see a visualization that has a blended axis for sales over time and profit over time, we bring in Measure Values and select the properties that we want to keep (Sales and Profit., removing all of the rest. You can now see profit and sales over one blended axis.

What is the Use of Dual-axis? How Do You Create One?

Dual Axis allows you to compare measures, and this is useful when you want to compare two measures that have different scales.

Considering the same example used in the above question, first create a visualization with sales over time and profit over time. To create a dual-axis, right-click on the second pill of the measures and select Dual Axis.

Observe that sales and profit do not share the same axis, and profit is much higher towards the end.

The difference between a blended axis and a dual-axis chart is that the blended axis uses the same scale, while a dual-axis could have two different scales and two marks cards.

Scenario: We want to show Sales by year and Profit Ratio by year in the same view.

We create a visualization of sales over time and profit ratio over time. Observe that sales and profit ratio can’t use the same scale as the profit ratio is in percentage. As we want the two parameters in the same area, we right-click on Profit Ratio and select Dual Axis.

What Will the Following Function Return?

Left(, “Tableau”.

Choose the correct answer:

Tab
Eau
Error
None of the above

It will return an error because the correct syntax is: left(string, num_chars.. So, it should be: Left(“Tableau,” .

Left returns a specific number of characters from the start of the given string. If the correct syntax is followed, the result would be ‘Tab.’

Find the Top Product Subcategories by Sales Within Each Delivery Method. Which Subcategory Is Ranked # for First-class Ship Mode?

First, draw a visualization using ship mode and subcategory.
Next, we take sales on to the visualization as a rank table calculation.
Right-click on Sales and select Add Table Calculation and change the Calculation Type to Rank.
Select Table Down, and you get the data as shown:

The chair is the subcategory, which is ranked # for the first class shipment mode.

What is the difference between .twb and .twbx extension?

.twb is an xml document which contains all the selections and layout made you have made in your Tableau workbook. It does not contain any data.

.twbx is a ‘zipped’ archive containing a .twb and any external files such as extracts and background images.

What is the Rank Function in Tableau?

The ranking is assigning something a position usually within a category and based on a measure. Tableau can rank in several ways like:

rank
rank_dense
rank_modified
rank_unique

Consider five stores whose sales are as shown:

Let us understand how they are ranked based on their sales:

Drag Store field to Rows shelf and Sales field to the marks card.
Create a Calculated Field named Rank and use the formula: RANK (SUM(Sales..
Bring the Rank field to the marks card.
Double-click on the Rank field, and you can see the rank assigned to the stores based on sales.

Next, duplicate the Rank field by right-clicking on it and selecting Duplicate. Name the copy as ‘Rank Modified’ and use the formula:

RANK MODIFIED (SUM(Sales..

Bring Rank Modified to the marks card to view the data.

Repeat the same steps to create ‘Rank Dense’ and use the formula:

RANK DENSE (SUM(Sales..

Similarly, create ‘Rank Unique’ and use the formula:

RANK UNIQUE (SUM(Sales..

What Would You Do If Some Countries/Provinces (Any Geographical Entity. are Missing and Displaying a Null When You Use Map View?

When working with maps and geographical fields, unknown or ambiguous locations are identified by the indicator in the lower right corner of the view.

Click the indicator and choose from the following options:

Edit Locations – correct the locations by mapping your data to known locations
Filter Data – exclude the unknown locations from the view using a filter. The locations will not be included in calculations
Show Data at Default Position – show the values at the default position of (, . on the map.

What is the Level of Detail (LOD.) Expression?

A level of detail expression is used to run complex queries involving many dimensions at the data source level instead of bringing all the data to Tableau interface.

Consider a visualization as shown:

Here, the scales are shown for a category like Furniture and its sub-categories (Chairs, Tables, etc… To look at sales for the furniture category as a whole and not its sub-categories, remove the sub-category from the calculation field as shown:

Now, the visualization looks like:

How Do You Calculate the Daily Profit Measures Using LOD?

LOD expressions allow us to easily create bins on aggregated data such as profit per day.

Scenario: We want to measure our success by the total profit per business day.

Create a calculated field named LOD – Profit per day and enter the formula:

FIXED [Order Date] : SUM ([Profit].

Create another calculated field named LOD – Daily Profit KPI and enter the formula:

IF [LOD – Profit per day] > then “Highly Profitable.”

ELSEIF [LOD – Profit per day] <= then “Unprofitable”

ELSE “Profitable”

END

To calculate daily profit measure using LOD, follow these steps to draw the visualization:

Bring YEAR(Order Date. and MONTH(Order Date. to the Columns shelf
Drag Order Id field to Rows shelf. Right-click on it, select Measure and click on Count(Distinct.
Drag LOD – Daily Profit KPI to the Rows shelf
Bring LOD – Daily Profit KPI to marks card and change mark type from automatic to area.

The visualization is as shown:

How Can You Schedule a Workbook in Tableau after Publishing It?

When you’re signed in to Tableau Server, go to Content > data sources or Content > Workbooks, depending on the type of content you want to refresh.
Select the checkbox for the data source or workbook you want to refresh, and then select Actions > Extract Refresh.
In the Refresh Extracts dialog, select Schedule a Refresh, and complete the following steps:
1. Select the schedule you want.
2. If available, specify whether you want a full or incremental refresh.

Find the Customer with the Lowest Overall Profit. What is Their Profit Ratio?

Draw a visualization between Customers and their profit and sort it from smallest to biggest.

Here, Cindy Stewart is the one who has the lowest profit. To determine her profit ratio:

Create a calculated field named Profit Ratio.
Right-click on Profit Ratio under Measures and select Edit.
Enter the formula: SUM (PROFIT. / SUM (SALES.
Next, drag the Profit Ratio to the Label to find out Cindy’s profit ratio.

How Can You Embed a Webpage in a Dashboard?

Follow these simple steps to embed a webpage in a dashboard:

Go to dashboard
Double click the ‘Webpage’ option available under ‘Objects.’
Enter the URL (here https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/. of the webpage in the dialog box that appears

You can see the webpage appears on the dashboard.

How Do You Make the Webpage Dynamic?

Begin by bringing Map by Sales into view. It shows the state’s name and its sales.

Go to the dashboard.
Double click the ‘Webpage’ option available under ‘Objects.’
Do not provide a URL in the dialog box that appears and click on Ok.
Click on the Dashboard in the menu and select ‘Action.’
Click on ‘Add Action’ and select ‘Go to URL.’
Enter ‘https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/’ under the URL option. Click on the arrow adjacent to it and select ‘State.’
Click on ‘Select option’ and hit ‘Ok.’

Now, when you click on any state like California, it brings up the California Wikipedia page. This is how to make it dynamic.

Which Visualization Will Be Used in the given Scenarios?

To show aggregated sales totals across a range of product categories and subcategories
To show the duration of events or activities
To show quarter wise profit growth

We would use the following visualizations for the given scenarios:

Treemap
Gantt chart
Waterfall chart

What is Tableau?

Tableau is a powerful data visualization tool used in the Business Intelligence Industry. It helps in simplifying raw data into a very easily understandable format.

What are the popular features of Tableau?

The popular features of Tableau are:

Data blending
No need of technical knowledge
Real-time analysis
Data collaboration and data notifications
DAX analysis function
Patented technology from Stanford university
Toggle view and drag-and-drop
List of native data connectors
Highlight and filter data
Share dashboards
Embed dashboards within
Mobile-ready dashboards
Tableau reader for data viewing
Dashboard commenting
Create “no-code” data queries
Translate queries to visualizations
Import all ranges and sizes of data

What is Tableau Public?

Tableau Public is a free service that allows anyone to publish interactive data to the web. Once it is on the web, anyone can interact with the data, download it, or create their own data visualization.

What are the properties of Tableau combined sets?

Properties of Tableau combined sets are:

Name:It is used to specify the unique name of a tableau set.
Sets:Users can select the existing set from the menu. The first set in the menu acts as a left set. The second set act as the right set.
All members in both sets:This is an option to combined set that holds all the members from left as well as right set.
Shared members in both sets: This option holds matching members from both left and right sets. It means every record must match the condition present in these sets.
Left set except shared members:This Tableau set is used to hold all the members from the left set except matching members from the righsst set.
Right set except shared members:It holds all the members from the right set by matching members from the left set.

What are the different Tableau files?

Different Tableau files include:

Workbooks: Workbooks hold one or more worksheets and dashboards.
Bookmarks: It contains a single spreadsheet, and it’s an easy way to quickly share your work.
Packaged workbooks:It includes a workbook having supporting background images and local file data.
Data extraction files: Data extract files are basically a local copy of the entire data source or a subset.
Data connection files: It is a XML file containing various information related to connection.

What are Joins?

Tableau can “join” tables. It can join up to tablets in a data source. Two or more tables can be specified while joining the relationship. The tables present in the data source can be related to each other using the joins such as inner join, left join, right join, and outer join.

Explain Tableau Data Extract

A Tableau data extract is a compressed snapshot of data stored on disk. It is loaded into memory to render a Tableau.

Explain the primary differences between blending and joining in Tableau?

Joining terms is helpful when you are combining data from the same source. On the other hand, blending would require two completely defined data sources in your report.

How many maximum numbers of tables can be joined in Tableau?

The maximum number of tables that can be joined in Tableau is .

Name the different type of Tableau

The other kind of Tableau products are:

Desktop
Prep
Online
Server

Explain Longitude and Latitude in tableau

Longitude and Latitude (generated. fields are associated with the geographical detail present in the data. The dataset should consist of geographic information like City, Country, or State.

The longitude and latitude values are auto-generated in Tableau. These fields can be used to build maps in Tableau.

Why use a hierarchical field in tableau?

A hierarchical field in tableau helps you to drill down data. It allows you to view your data in a more granular level.

Explain Connect live

Connect live creates a direct connection to the data source and speed up access.

Define the term analytics pane concerning Tableau

The analytics pane offers quick and easy access to everyday analytic objects in Tableau. It allows you to drag forecasts, reference and trend lines, and other objects into your view from the Analytics pane.

Explain the term filter actions

Filter actions show related information between a source sheet and one or more target sheets. This type of activities best suited when a developer is building a guided logical path using a workbook or in a dashboard.

What is the use of showing me in Tableau?

The show me clause is used to applying a required view to existing data in the worksheet. Views are displayed in graphical formats like a line chart, pie chart, and scatter plot.

How to get the current date and time in Tableau?

A developer can get the current date and time in Tableau using the NOW(. function.

What is Forecasting in Tableau?

Forecasting means predicting the future value of a measure. There are various methods for forecasting. However, in Tableau, the user can only use exponential smoothing.

What is the calculated field in Tableau?

A calculated field is a new field that you can create using a formula to modify the existing filed in your data source.

What is the use of formatting pane in Tableau

A formatting pane contains a setting that controls the entire worksheet and individual fields in

Explain Tableau Product Suite

The Tableau Product Suite consists of

Tableau Desktop
Tableau Public
Tableau Online
Tableau Server
Tableau Reader

For a clear understanding, data analytics in the tableau can be classified into two section

Tableau Desktop

Tableau Desktop has a rich feature set and allows you to code and customize reports. It ables users to create charts, reports, and dashboards.

Tableau Public

It is the Tableau version specially build for cost-effective users. By the word “Public,” it means that the workbooks created cannot be saved locally. In turn, it should be saved to Tableau’s public cloud, which can be viewed and accessed by anyone.

Tableau Server

The software is specifically used to share the workbooks, visualizations that are created in the Tableau Desktop application across the organization.

Tableau Online

As the name suggests, it is an online sharing tool for Tableau. Its functionalities are similar to Tableau Server, but the data is stored on servers hosted in the cloud, which are maintained by the Tableau group.

Tableau Reader

Tableau Reader is a free tool that enables the user to view the workbooks and visualizations created using Tableau Desktop or Tableau Public. The data can be filtered, but editing and modifications are restricted. The security level is zero in Tableau Reader as anyone who gets the workbook can view it using Tableau Reader.

Differentiate between Excel and Tableau?

The difference between Excel and Tableau is:

Excel	Tableau
Excel is spreadsheet software that is used for data manipulation.	Tableau is a data visualization tool that is used for analysis.
It is ideal for statistical analysis of structured data.	It is ideal for the quick and easy representation of big data.
Macro and visual primary language are must to fully utilize excel.	It can be used with no programming experience.
The inbuilt security feature is not as good as compared to Tableau.	The inbuilt security feature is not as good as compared to Excel.
Best for preparing on-off reports with small data	Best while working with big data.
Excel integrates with around applications.	Tableaus integrated with over applications.

Explain the classification of tableau

Tableau is classified into two sections:

Developer Tools: The Tableau tools that are used for development, such as the creation of dashboards, charts, report generation, visualization, fall into this category. Tableau products, under this category, are the Tableau Desktop and Tableau Public.
Sharing Tools: As the name suggests, the purpose of the tool is to share the visualizations, reports, dashboards that were created using the developer tools. Products that fall into this category are Tableau Online, Server, and Reader.

Explain Tableau Desktop Professional

Tableau Desktop Professional is pretty much similar to Tableau Desktop. The difference is that the work created in the Tableau Desktop can be published online or in Tableau Server. The professional version provides full access to all sorts of the datatype. It is best suitable for those who wish to publish their work in Tableau Server.

What are the dimensions?

Dimensions are the values of attributes used for multiple dimensions. It has a reference of a product key form the table. It can contain product name, color, size, product type, description, etc.

What is a group?

A group is a collection of dimension members which can make categories of higher level.

What is the key difference between .twb and .twbx extension?

Twb is a one of the XML document that contains all the layouts and selections made by the user whereas Twbx is a ‘zipped’ archive which contains .twb and external files like background images and extracts.

What is Set?

Set is a custom filed that defines a data subset based on some computed condition or data point.

Explain various types of Joins in tableau

Various types of Joins in Tableau are:

Inner Join:

It joins all the common records between two tables or sheets. The joining condition can be given based on the primary key. One or more joining conditions can be specified to join the tables. Many tables can be joined together in Tableau for visualization.

Left Join:

A left join is used to join all the records from a left table and common records from the right table. One or more join conditions can be specified to left join two different tables.

Right Join:

A right join is used to join all the records from the right table and common records from the left table. Based on the requirements, one or more joining conditions can be set.

Outer Join:

An Outer join is used to join all the records from both the left and right table. Joining conditions can be set to join common records.

Explain the context filter

A Context filter is an independent filter that can create a separate dataset out of the original data set and compute the selections made in the worksheet. One or more categorical filter that separates the dataset into major parts can be used as a context filter. All other filters used in the worksheet works based on the selection of context filter. The functions of context filters can be explained through an excel sheet.

What is Dimension Filters?

When a dimension is used to filter the data in a worksheet, it is called a Dimension filter. It is a non-aggregated filter where a dimension, group, sets, and the bin can be added. A dimension filter can be applied through the top or bottom conditions, wildcard match, and formula.

What is Dimension Filters?

A measure filter can filter the data based on the values present in a measure. The aggregated measure values can be used in measure filters to modify the data.

Explain Tableau drive

Tableau drive is one methodology that can be used for scaling out analytics. It is based on best practices from successful deployments of an enterprise.

Explain the Tableau architecture

Different components of Tableau architecture are:

Data server: The primary component of Tableau Architecture is the Data sources it can connect to it.

Data Connectors: The Data Connectors provide an interface to connect external data sources to the Tableau Data Server.

Components of Tableau Server:

. Application Server:

The application server is used to provide the authentications and authorizations. It handles the administration and permission for web and mobile interfaces.

. VizQL Server:

VizQL server is used to convert the queries from the data source into visualizations. Once the client request is forwarded to VizQL process, it sends the query directly to the data source and retrieves information in the form of images.

. Gateway:

The gateway channelizes the requests from users to Tableau components. When the client makes a request, it is forwarded to the external load balancer for processing. The gateway works as a distributor of processes to various components.

. Clients:

The dashboards and visualizations in Tableau server can be viewed and edited using different clients. The Clients are Tableau Desktop, web browser, and mobile applications.

Explain Measure filter

A measure filter can filter the data based on the values present in a measure. The aggregated values can be used in measure filters to modify the data.

Distinguish between Treemaps and Heat Maps

The difference between Treemaps and Heat Maps are:

TreeMap	Heat Map
TreeMap represents and shows data hierarchically as a group of nested rectangles.	Heat Map represents the data graphically with multiple colors to represent values.
It can be used for comparing the categories with size, colors, and illustrating the hierarchical data.	It can be used for comparing the categories depend on size and color.

What is the use of toolbar Icon?

Toolbar icon present below the menu bar can be used to edit the workbook using different features such as undo, redo, save, new data source, slideshow, and so on.

Explain bar chart in Tableau

A bar chart can compare the data across different categories. The height of the bars represents the measured value of each category. It can be represented as vertical and horizontal type bar charts.

Explain VIZQL in Tableau

VIZQL stands for Visual Inquiry Language. It is a combination of SQL and VIZ. Visual query languages are similar to the SQL language. This language converts queries of data into visual images.

Mention various types of functions commonly used in Tableau

Various types of functions commonly used in the tableau are:

String functions:It includes LEFT, LOWER, LTRIM, MID, and more.
Logical functions:This function contains and, else, else if, if, ifnull, isdate, isnull, max, min, etc.
Aggregate functions:It includes attr, collect, count, covar, and covarp.
User functions:User define functions contain full name, is the full name, is member of, username, username, user domains, etc.

Define Histogram chart

A histogram can show the values present in a measure and its frequency. It shows the distribution of numerical data. As it shows both frequency and measure value by default, it can be useful in many cases.

What are the user functions in Tableau?

The user functions in Tableau are unique functions that Tableau developers can use to perform operations on the registered users on Tableau Online or Tableau Server.

Explain paged workbook

A paged workbook in Tableau consists of different pages based on specific criteria.

Define shelves in Tableau

The Shelves in Tableau are demarcated areas that are used for particular purposes. There are several shelves on a Tableau sheet-like, Filter shelf, Page shelf, Rows and Column shelf, Marks shelf, etc.

Explain bin

Bin is a user-defined set of data that are of the equal interval that stores data values according to or which fits in bin size.

Explain bubble Chart

A bubble chart visualizes the measures and dimensions in the form of bubbles. The sizes of the bubbles determine the size of the measured value for effective visualization. The color of bubbles can be set to differentiate the members present in a dimension.

Define Hyper

Hyper is a high-performance in-memory information engine innovation. It allows clients to analyze complex or large informational sets speedier. This can be done by proficiently assessing analytically questions which are in the value-based database.

What are the combined Sets?

The combined Sets in Tableau are handy to compare two existing sets for further analysis.

What is the difference between Tableau and QlikView?

The difference between Tableau and QlikView is:

Tableau	QlikView
Data integration is exceptional.	Data integration is good.
The support of PowerPoint is available in Tableau.	The support for PowerPoint is not available.
Tableau scalability is good.	QlikView is limited by RAM.

What is the Tableau data engine?

Tableau data engine manages to open, refresh, create, and query extracts of the user.

What is metadata in Tableau?

Metadata in tableaus refers to the editing of original data in Tableau. It includes custom data and formatting of data.

Explain dashboard lifecycle?

Dashboard lifecycle in Tableau:

Functional Knowledge: Business Analysts give a current functional knowledge of the organization.

Requirement Analysis: Requirements that are kept in consideration are:

The requirement of the dashboard.
How is data flowing in the current system?
Blueprint or layout of the system.
Dashboard scope.
The value that is added to the business
required tools for the development of the project and its costs.

Planning Phase: It includes:

Timeline and needed resources.
Work and leave plan.
Dependencies and future challenges.

Methodologies to follow: Scrum, Agile, Waterfall, etc.

Technical Specs: It includes:

Technical details.
SQL, relations, and Joins.
Credentials for database access.
Business logic.

Development: It includes:

Query generation.
Connecting databases and creating dimension model
Publish it to the server.
Unit testing.

Q&A Testing: It includes:

Functionality and UI testing.
SQL testing and data validation
Security testing
Testing of applied customization.

Performance testing: Report opening time, with or without any webpage.

User Acceptance Testing (UAT.: User validates data and functionality.

Production and Support: System is produced, and support is given once it goes live.

What is the data source page?

The data source page is a page where users can set up their sources of data. It generally contains four main areas: . left pane, . join area, . preview area, and . metadata area.

What is format pane?

A pane that contains formatting settings to control the worksheet and fields available in the view is called format pane. It appears on the left side of the tableau workbook.

Explain Tableau Navigation

The navigation of workbook contains:

Data Source: The addition of a new data source of modification of existing data sources can be done using the ‘Data Source’ tab present at the bottom of the Tableau Desktop Window.
Current Sheet: Current Sheet can be viewed with the name of the sheet. All the sheets, dashboards, and storyboard present in the workbook can be viewed here.
New Sheet: The new sheet icon present in the tab can be used to create a new worksheet in the Tableau Workbook.
New Dashboard: The new dashboard icon present in the tab can be used to create a new dashboard in the Tableau Workbook.
New Storyboard: The new storyboard icon present in the tab can be used to create a new storyboard in the Tableau Workbook.

What is the use of trend lines?

Trend lines are used to know the continuation of a trend of variables. It helps users to search the correlation between two or more variables. There is a wide range of mathematical models for establishing trend lines. These models are . Logarithmic, . Linear, . Exponential, and . Polynomial.

Explain alias in Tableau

Alias in Tableau can refer as an alternative name that the user can assign to a dimension member a field.

What are Data Labels in Tableau Reports?

Data Labels in Tableau reports or any other Business Intelligence reports play a vital role in understanding the report data.

What is Tableau Crosstab Report?

Table Crosstab in Tableau is the best way to display data in multi-level.

Tableau Desktop

What are the file size limitations with Tableau?

In Tableau, there are no limitations with the file sizes. And moreover, there is no row or column limit to import the data.

What is the latest version of Tableau Desktop?

Tableau Desktop latest version is .(as of Feb, th ..

Define LOD Expression?

LOD Expression stands for Level of Detail Expression, and it is used to run the complex queries involving many dimensions at data sourcing level.

What is the difference between Heat map and Tree map?

Tree Map	Heat Map
It represents the data hierarchically and shows them as a set of nested rectangles.	It represents the data graphically which uses multiple colours to represent different values.
It is used for comparing the categories with colours, size, and it can also be used for illustrating the hierarchical data and part to whole relationships.	It is used for comparing the categories based on colour and size. And also it is great in spotting the patterns based on the density of the information.
Colours and size of rectangles are respective to the values of the data points	When their values are higher or density of records, the data will represent in dark colour.

What is a parameter Tableau? And how it works?

Parameters are dynamic values, we can replace the constant values in calculations.

Give a brief about tableau dashboard?

Tableau dashboard is a group of various views which allows you to compare different types of data simultaneously. Datasheets and dashboards are connected if any modification happens to the data that directly reflects in dashboards. It is the most efficient approach to visualize the data and analyze it.

State some ways to improve the performance of Tableau

Use an Extract to make workbooks run faster
Reduce the scope of data to decrease the volume of data
Reduce the number of marks on the view to avoid information overload
Try to use integers or Booleans in calculations as they are much faster than strings
Hide unused fields
Use Context filters
Reduce filter usage and use some alternative way to achieve the same result
Use indexing in tables and use same fields for filtering
Remove unnecessary calculations and sheets

Explain different connection types in Tableau?

There are connection types available in Tableau.

Extract: Extract is a snapshot of data which will be extracted from the data source and put into Tableau repository. This snapshot can be refreshed periodically fully or incrementally. This can be scheduled in Tableau Server.

Live: It creates a direct connection to data source and data will be fetched directly from tables. So, data will be up to date and consistent. But, this also affects access speed.

Define shelves and sets?

Shelves: Every worksheet in Tableau will have shelves such as columns, rows, marks, filters, pages and more. By placing filters on shelves we can build our own visualization structure. We can control the marks by including or excluding data.

Sets: The sets are used to compute a condition on which dataset will be prepared. Data will be grouped together based on a condition. Fields which is responsible for grouping are known as sets. For example – students having grades more than %.

Define dual axis?

Dual axis is used to show measures in a single graph. It allows you to compare measures at once. Many websites like indeed use this dual axis to show the comparisons and growth rate.

Define Bullet graph?

Bullet graph is a variant of Bar graph. It is responsible for comparing the performance of one measure with other measures.

Define Gantt chart?

Gantt Chart displays the progress of value over the period. It consists of bars along with time axis. It is a project management tool. Here, each bar is a measure of a task in the project framework.

Define Histogram chart?

A histogram chart shows the distribution of continuous information over a certain period of time. This chart helps us to find extreme points, gaps, unusual values, and more concentrated values.

What is the Hierarchy in Tableau?

When we are working with the large volumes of data, incredibly data may be messed. With Tableau, you can easily create hierarchies to keep your data neat. Even if you don’t need, it is built into your data, which you can easily manage or organize the data and you can track the data easily.

What is a Column chart?

A column chat visualizes the data as a set of rectangle columns, as their lengths are proportional to values when they represent the data. The horizontal axis shows the category to which they belong to, and the vertical axis shows the values.

What is an Area Chart?

Area chart is nothing but line chat, the area between x-axis and lines will be color or patterns. These charts are typically used to represent accumulated totals over time and are the conventional way to display stacked lines.

How to download Tableau Public?

Step : Go to public.tableau.com and enter your e-mail address and click “ Download the App “.

Step : After downloading the file, run the file and follow the prompts to install the Tableau.

Step : Now, you can see Tableau shortcut on your desktop.

Step : Double click on the icon, to load tableau public. Now you see the screen as below.

Explain how many types of filters are available in Tableau?

Filters are used to provide the correct information to viewers after removing unnecessary data. There are various types of filters available in Tableau.

Extract Filters – Extract filters are used to apply filter on extracted data from the data source. For this filter, data is extracted from the data source and placed into the Tableau data repository.

Datasource Filters – Datasource filters are the same as extract filters. They also work on the extracted dataset. But, the only difference is it works with both live and extract connection.

Context Filters – Context Filters are applied on the data rows before any other filters. They are limited to views, but they can be applied on selected sheets. They define Aggregation and Disaggregation of data in Tableau

Dimension Filters – Dimension filters are used to apply filters on dimensions in worksheets. Dimension filters are applied through the top or bottom conditions, formula and wildcard match.

Measure Filters – Measure filters are applied to the values present in the measures.

Explain the disaggregation and aggregation of data in Tableau?

Aggregation → The process of summarizing the data and viewing a single numeric value is called aggregation. Example – sum/avg of salary for each employee

Disaggregation →The process of viewing each transaction for analyzing all the measures both dependently and independently. Example – individual salary transactions for each employee.

State the components of the dashboard?

Dashboard consists of components.

Web:it consists of a web page embedded in the dashboard.
Horizontal component:it is a horizontal layout container in which we can add objects.
Vertical component:it is a vertical layout container in which we can add objects.
Image Extract:it allows you to upload an image to dashboard from computer.
Text:it is a small Wordpad where we can format and edit the text.

State some reasons for the low performance of Tableau? Explain in detail.

Following are the reason for low performance

Filters– filters need to create an extra query and if it used in large numbers and inefficiently then they can reduce the performance. So, it is advised to use filters whenever it is mandatory
Live connection– Tableau extract works much better in comparison with live connection.
Data sources– a wrong query to a wrong data source can reduce performance. Also data source’s performance can also affect Tableau’s performance.

State some ways to improve the performance of Tableau.

Following are the few ways to improve the performance

Use an Extract to make workbooks run faster
Reduce the scope of data to decrease the volume of data
Reduce the number of marks on the view to avoid information overload
Try to use integers or Booleans in calculations as they are much faster than strings
Hide unused fields
Use Context filters
Reduce filter usage and use some alternative way to achieve same result
Use indexing in tables and use same fields for filtering
Remove unnecessary calculations and sheets

Which one is better? Extract or Live connection?

Extract connection is better than live connection because extract connection can be used from anywhere, anytime without connecting to the database. We can construct our own visualizations on it irrespective of the database connection.

Tell me something about workbook version controlled in Tableau.

Versioning of workbooks can be done in ways in Tableau.

At the desktop level, you keep copies of your changes and files or using rd party system like Microsoft TFS.
At the server level, where you publish the data source and version will be saved in revision history on Tableau Server or Online. Reverting to a previous version is also possible here.

Where can we apply global filters?

Global filters can be applied to sheets, stories, and dashboards.

State few charts which we should not use with valid reasons

Below here are few charts which we should avoid.

D Charts:Visual representation of numbers in D charts will be skewed and it makes difficult to compare and analyze.
Pie Charts:Pie charts are not that much accurate as bar charts. In Pie charts, we have areas and angles to compare instead of length in a bar chart. Areas and angles cannot be analyzed with ease.
Donut Charts:This is same as Pie chart, but here, we have a hole in the middle to make it look like a donut. Due to that hole, we need to compare arc length with other arcs to analyze the values. Comparing arcs length is also a difficult task for our eyes.

Do we have any way to handle null values in Tableau?

Tableau cannot plot null values on axis. So, it will display an indicator at the lower right corner of the view. Once you click on that indicator, you have options to handle null values. Below are the options available to handle null values.

Filter Data– If you choose this option, null values will be filtered out from the view.
Show Data at Default Position– It replaces the null value with the default value and shows the data at the default position on axis. These default values depend on the data type of field. Below here are the defaults of a specific data type.
Numbers →
Dates → —
Geographic Location → (,.
Negative Values →

Do we have any data limitation in Tableau Public?

Yes, Tableau Public can only allow million rows to users for data visualization.

How do we do testing in Tableau?

Yes, we can do testing in Tableau by using tools and the easiest way is using the desktop application. We need to check it before we publish in the Tableau server.

Can you get values from two different sources as a single input into parameter?

Tableau, currently not supporting the multi-valued parameters. As Tableau parameters are not dynamic, we cannot filter the list of values at runtime.

Design a view in a map such that if a user selects any state the cities under that state have to show profit and sales.

If you want to show profit and sales of each and every city under the state in the same worksheet, then follow a few steps.

The data which you want to display under the state, it must be in the same worksheet.

Double click on the state filed.
Drag the city and drop it under the state(Mark Card..
Drag the Sales and drop into the size.
Drag the Profit and drop into the colour.
Click on the size legend and increase the size (%..
Give a right click on State filed and select show filter.
Select the state and check whether you got the required view or not.

In the View, Size indicates the Sales, and Color indicates the profit of the respective state(which you have selected..

When publishing workbooks on Tableau online, sometimes an error about needing to extract appears. Why does it happen occasionally?

It happens when the user is trying to publish the workbook which is connected to the internal or local server that means the company’s network.

Can parameters have drop down list?

Yes, Parameters have their own drop-down list, which enables the users to view the data entries which are available in the parameter during the creation.

How do you optimize the performance of the dashboard?

Minimize the number of fields.
Minimize the number of records.
Reduce the marks (data points. in your view( remove unneeded dimensions..
Reduce the number of filters.
Use an include filter.
Use a continuous data filter.
Use action filters and parameters.
Reduce the number of nested calculations.
Remove custom SQL.
Clean up your workbooks.

What are the challenges faced when working with huge volumes of data?

View running will be slow.
Data Extraction.
Alignment issues with data.
Testing Data.

State limitation of context filters in Tableau

Whenever we set a context filter, Tableau generates a temp table which needs to refresh each and every time the view is triggered. So, if the context filter will be changed, the database needs to recompute and rewrite temp table, which in turn slows down the performance.

What is mark card in Tableau?

There is a card to the left of the view where we can drag fields and control mark properties like color, size, type, shape, detail, label, and tooltip.

Define a published data source

Published data source has connection information in it. It is independent of any workbook and can be accessed by multiple workbooks.

Define blended axis

Multiple measures can share single axis so that all the marks will be shown in a single pane. We can blend measures by dragging the st measure on one axis and nd on existing axis.

Can we remove “All” option from auto-filter in Tableau?

Yes, we can. Navigate to filter→ Right click on it→ select customize→ uncheck the option “Show All”

Define Bullet graph

Bullet graph is a variant of Bar graph. It is responsible for comparing the performance of one measure with other measures.

Define Gantt chart

Gantt Chart displays the progress of value over the period. It consists of bars along with time axis. It is a project management tool. Here, each bar is a measure of a task in the project framework.

Define Histogram chart

A histogram chart shows the distribution of continuous information over a certain period of time. This chart helps us to find extreme points, gaps, unusual values, and more concentrated values.

What are the different datatypes in Tableau?

Tableau supports the following data-types:

What are the different types of joins in Tableau?

The joins in Tableau are same as SQL joins. Take a look at the diagram below to understand it.

How many maximum tables can you join in Tableau?

You can join a maximum of tables in Tableau.

What are the different connections you can make with your dataset?

We can either connect live to our data set or extract data onto Tableau.

Live: Connecting live to a data set leverages its computational processing and storage. New queries will go to the database and will be reflected as new or updated within the data.
Extract: An extract will make a static snapshot of the data to be used by Tableau’s data engine. The snapshot of the data can be refreshed on a recurring schedule as a whole or incrementally append data. One way to set up these schedules is via the Tableau server.

The benefit of Tableau extract over live connection is that extract can be used anywhere without any connection and you can build your own visualization without connecting to database.

What is a hierarchical field?

A hierarchical field in tableau is used for drilling down data. It means viewing your data in a more granular level.

What is Tableau Data Server?

Tableau server acts a middle man between Tableau users and the data. Tableau Data Server allows you to upload and share data extracts, preserve database connections, as well as reuse calculations and field metadata. This means any changes you make to the data-set, calculated fields, parameters, aliases, or definitions, can be saved and shared with others, allowing for a secure, centrally managed and standardized dataset. Additionally, you can leverage your server’s resources to run queries on extracts without having to first transfer them to your local machine.

What is Tableau Data Engine?

Tableau Data Engine is a really cool feature in Tableau. Its an analytical database designed to achieve instant query response, predictive performance, integrate seamlessly into existing data infrastructure and is not limited to load entire data sets into memory.

If you work with a large amount of data, it does takes some time to import, create indexes and sort data but after that everything speeds up. Tableau Data Engine is not really in-memory technology. The data is stored in disk after it is imported and the RAM is hardly utilized.

What are the different filters in Tableau and how are they different from each other?

In Tableau, filters are used to restrict the data from database.

The different filters in Tableau are: Quick , Context and Normal/Traditional filter are:

Normal Filter is used to restrict the data from database based on selected dimension or measure. A Traditional Filter can be created by simply dragging a field onto the ‘Filters’ shelf.
Quick filter is used to view the filtering options and filter each worksheet on a dashboard while changing the values dynamically (within the range defined. during the run time.
Context Filter is used to filter the data that is transferred to each individual worksheet. When a worksheet queries the data source, it creates a temporary, flat table that is uses to compute the chart. This temporary table includes all values that are not filtered out by either the Custom SQL or the Context Filter.

What is the difference between joining and blending in Tableau?

Joining term is used when you are combining data from the same source, for example, worksheet in an Excel file or tables in Oracle database
While blending requires two completely defined data sources in your report.

What are Extracts and Schedules in Tableau server?

Data extracts are the first copies or subdivisions of the actual data from original data sources. The workbooks using data extracts instead of those using live DB connections are faster since the extracted data is imported in Tableau Engine.After this extraction of data, users can publish the workbook, which also publishes the extracts in Tableau Server. However, the workbook and extracts won’t refresh unless users apply a scheduled refresh on the extract. Scheduled Refreshes are the scheduling tasks set for data extract refresh so that they get refreshed automatically while publishing a workbook with data extract. This also removes the burden of republishing the workbook every time the concerned data gets updated.

Name the components of a Dashboard.

Horizontal – Horizontal layout containers allow the designer to group worksheets and dashboard components left to right across your page and edit the height of all elements at once.
Vertical – Vertical containers allow the user to group worksheets and dashboard components top to bottom down your page and edit the width of all elements at once.
Text – All textual fields.
Image Extract – A Tableau workbook is in XML format. In order to extracts images, Tableau applies some codes to extract an image which can be stored in XML.
Web [URL ACTION] – A URL action is a hyperlink that points to a Web page, file, or other web-based resource outside of Tableau. You can use URL actions to link to more information about your data that may be hosted outside of your data source. To make the link relevant to your data, you can substitute field values of a selection into the URL as parameters.

How to remove ‘All’ options from a Tableau auto-filter?

The auto-filter provides a feature of removing ‘All’ options by simply clicking the down arrow in the auto-filter heading. You can scroll down to ‘Customize’ in the dropdown and then uncheck the ‘Show “All” Value’ attribute. It can be activated by checking the field again.

How to add Custom Color to Tableau?

Adding a Custom Color refers to a power tool in Tableau. Restart you Tableau desktop once you save .tps file. From the Measures pane, drag the one you want to add color to Color. From the color legend menu arrow, select Edit Colors. When a dialog box opens, select the palette drop-down list and customize as per requirement.

What is default Data Blending Join?

Data blending is the ability to bring data from multiple data sources into one Tableau view, without the need for any special coding. A default blend is equivalent to a left outer join. However, by switching which data source is primary, or by filtering nulls, it is possible to emulate left, right and inner joins.

What do you understand by blended axis?

In Tableau, measures can share a single axis so that all the marks are shown in a single pane. Instead of adding rows and columns to the view, when you blend measures there is a single row or column and all of the values for each measure is shown along one continuous axis. We can blend multiple measures by simply dragging one measure or axis and dropping it onto an existing axis.

What is story in Tableau?

A story is a sheet that contains a sequence of worksheets or dashboards that work together to convey information. You can create stories to show how facts are connected, provide context, demonstrate how decisions relate to outcomes, or simply make a compelling case. Each individual sheet in a story is called a story point.

What is the difference between discrete and continuous in Tableau?

There are two types of data roles in Tableau – discrete and continuous dimension.

Discrete data roles are values that are counted as distinct and separate and can only take individual values within a range. Examples: number of threads in a sheet, customer name or row ID or State. Discrete values are shown as blue pills on the shelves and blue icons in the data window.
Continuous data roles are used to measure continuous data and can take on any value within a finite or infinite interval. Examples: unit price, time and profit or order quantity. Continuous variables behave in a similar way in that they can take on any value. Continuous values are shown as green pills.

Mention what are different Tableau files?

Different Tableau files include:

Workbooks: Workbooks hold one or more worksheets and dashboards
Bookmarks: It contains a single worksheet and its an easy way to quickly share your work
Packaged Workbooks: It contains a workbook along with any supporting local file data and background images
Data Extraction Files: Extract files are a local copy of a subset or entire data source
Data Connection Files: It’s a small XML file with various connection information

How to embed views onto Webpages?

You can embed interactive Tableau views and dashboards into web pages, blogs, wiki pages, web applications, and intranet portals. Embedded views update as the underlying data changes, or as their workbooks are updated on Tableau Server. Embedded views follow the same licensing and permission restrictions used on Tableau Server. That is, to see a Tableau view that’s embedded in a web page, the person accessing the view must also have an account on Tableau Server.

Alternatively, if your organization uses a core-based license on Tableau Server, a Guest account is available. This allows people in your organization to view and interact with Tableau views embedded in web pages without having to sign in to the server. Contact your server or site administrator to find out if the Guest user is enabled for the site you publish to.

You can do the following to embed views and adjust their default appearance:

Get the embed code provided with a view: The Share button at the top of each view includes embed code that you can copy and paste into your webpage. (The Share button doesn’t appear in embedded views if you change the showShareOptions parameter to false in the code..
Customize the embed code: You can customize the embed code using parameters that control the toolbar, tabs, and more. For more information, see Parameters for Embed Code.
Use the Tableau JavaScript API: Web developers can use Tableau JavaScript objects in web applications. To get access to the API, documentation, code examples, and the Tableau developer community, see the Tableau Developer Portal.

Is Tableau software good for strategic acquisition?

Yes! For sure. It gives you data insight to the extent that other tools can’t. Moreover, it also helps you to plan and point the anomalies and improvise your process for betterment of your company.

Can we place an excel file in a shared location and and use it to develop a report and refresh it in regular intervals?

Yes, we can do it. But for better performance we should use Extract.

There Are Three Customer Segments in the Superstore Dataset. What Percent of the Total Profits Are Associated with the Corporate Segment?

Follow these steps:

Drag segment field to the rows shelf. Here, segment consists of Consumer, Corporate, and Home Office
Double-click on the profit field under Measures.
Right-click on SUM (Profit. under marks card, select Quick Table Calculation and click on Percent of the total.

Looking above, the corporate segment has . percent of the total profits.

What is a Calculated Field, and How Will You Create One?

A calculated field is used to create new (modified. fields from existing data in the data source. It can be used to create more robust visualizations and doesn’t affect the original dataset.

For example, let’s calculate the “average delay to ship.”

The data set considered here has information regarding order date and ship date for four different regions. To create a calculated field:

Go to Analysis and select Create Calculated Field.
A calculation editor pops up on the screen. Provide a name to the calculated field: Shipping Delay.
Enter the formula: DATEDIFF (‘day’, [Order Date], [Ship Date].
Click on Ok.
Bring Shipping Delay to the view.
Repeat steps to to create a new calculated field ‘Average Shipping Delay’ using the formula: AVG (DATEDIFF (‘day,’ [Order Date], [Ship Date].
Drag Region field to Rows shelf and SUM(Average Shipping Delay. to the marks card; the average delay for each region gets displayed.

What is a Parameter in Tableau? Give an Example.

A parameter is a dynamic value that a customer could select, and you can use it to replace constant values in calculations, filters, and reference lines.

For example, when creating a filter to show the top products based on total profit instead of the fixed value, you can update the filter to show the top , , or products using a parameter.

Continuing with the same example of top-five and bottom five customers, follow these steps:

Select the drop-down arrow on the top right corner of the Data pane.
Click on Create Parameter and fill in the details:
- Name – Number of top/bottom customers
- Select ‘Range’ for Allowable Values and fill the fields as:
  - Minimum –
  - Maximum –
  - Step –

Edit the set ‘Top Customers’ by changing the ‘By Field’ value of with ‘Select number of top/bottom customers.’ Do the same changes in the ‘Bottom Customers’ set.
Go to the created parameter on the Data pane, right-click on it and select ‘Show Parameter Control.’ Now, if you increase the step within the range, the data appears as per the parameter value set.

Following is the visualization for a step size of :

What Are the Different Types of Tableau?

The different types of Tableau are Desktop, Prep, Online, and Server.

How Do You Handle Null and Other Special Values?

If the field contains null values or if there are zeros or negative values on a logarithmic axis, Tableau cannot plot them. Tableau displays an indicator in the lower right corner of the view, and you can click the indicator and choose from the following options:

Filter Data
Excludes the null values from the visualization using a filter. In that case, the null values are also excluded from any calculations used in the view.
Show Data at Default Position
Shows the data at a default location on the axis.

Design a View to Show Region Wise Profit and Sales.

Follow these simple steps to show region wise profit and sales:

Drag Profit and Sales field to the Rows shelf
Drag Region field to the Columns shelf

But for such questions, the interviewer may be looking for your mapping capabilities in Tableau.

So, you need to follow these steps to show region wise profit and sales in a better way:

Double click on the State field to get its view
Go to Marks card and change the mark type from Automatic to Map.
Bring Region field to Color on the Marks card
Drag Profit, Sales, and State fields to Label on the Marks card

These steps produce a better view of region-wise profit and sales, as shown:

How Can You Optimize the Performance of a Dashboard?

There are multiple ways to optimize the performance of the dashboard like:

Maximize the number of fields and records. You can exclude unused fields from your visualization or use extract filters.
Limit the number of filters used, by avoiding quick filters and using action and parameter filters instead. These filters reduce query loads.
use Min/Max instead of Average because average functions require more processing time than Min/Max
Use boolean or numerical calculations more than string calculations. Computers can process integers and boolean much faster than strings.

Boolean > int > float > date-time > string

What is the basic difference between published data sources and embedded data sources in Tableau

The basic difference between a published data source and an embedded data source is:

The public data source contains connection information that is independent of any workbook. On the other hand, embedded data source connection information and is associated with a workbook.

Mention the characteristics that distinguish data source

The characteristics that distinguish data source are:

Icon/Name
Connection Type
Connects to
Live or the last extract

How to view SQL generated by Tableau Desktop?

A developer can click on My Tableau Repository folder available in My documents in PC to view SQL. If the user is using a live connection to the data source, then check tabprotosrv.txt and log.txt files. If the user is using extract, check the tdeserver.txt file. This file shows details about queries.

List out Three Tableau limitation

Here are some notable limitations in Tableau:

The parameter doesn’t accept multiple sections.
User can’t define the width and columns individually.
Users can’t control the selection, display, sorting of columns in view data option for a worksheet view.

How can you perform load testing in Tableau?

Users can do load testing with the help of Tableau Server performance testing solution called TabJolt. However, this is third-party software that is not supported by tableau directly. Therefore, it may be installed using other open-source products.

Where can a developer use global filters?

A developer can use global filters in sheets, dashboards, and stories.

What is a parameter in Tableau?

Parameters in Tableau are dynamic values that you can replace as constant values in calculations. These values serve as context filters.

What is the difference between Traditional BI Tools and Tableau?

The difference between Traditional BI Tools and Tableau is:

Traditional BI Tools	Tableau
Tableau BI can handle a huge volume of data with better performance.	Power BI can handle a limited volume of data.
Tableau works best when there is a vast data in the cloud.	Power Bl doesn’t work better with a massive amount of data
Tableau is a little difficult.	Power BI Interface is very easy to learn.
The information can be stored by using the Tableau server.	Power BI concentrates more on reporting and analytical modeling but not for storing the data.
Tableau deploys MDX for measures and dimensions.	Power BI uses DAX for calculating and measuring columns.

List the various datatypes in Tableau?

Various data types in the tableau are: . Boolean, . date, . date and time, . geographical values, and . text/string, number.

What are the advantages of Using Context Filters?

The advantages of Using Context Filters

Improve Performance: When context filter is used in large data sources, it can improve the performance as it creates a temporary dataset part based on the context filter selection. The performance can be effectively improved through the selection of major categorical context filters.
Dependent Filter Conditions: Context filters can be used to create dependent filter conditions based on the business requirement. When the data source size is large, context filters can be selected on the primary category, and other relevant filters can be executed.

Mention the primary difference between joining and blending in Tableau

Joining is a term that is used when the user combines data from the same source like tables in oracle or excel file while Blending needs two completely defined data sources report

Name the components of a Dashboard

Important components of a Dashboard are:

Horizontal:A horizontal layout allows the designer to group dashboard components and worksheets across the page.
Vertical:Vertical containers enables the user to group dashboard components and worksheets top to bottom down your page. It also allows users to edit the width of all elements at once.
Text:It contains all textual files
Image Extract: Tableau applies some code to extract the image that is stored in XML.
URL action:It is a hyperlink that points to file, web page, or other web-based resources.

Explain story in Tableau

A story is a sheet containing a dashboard or worksheet sequence that works together to convey particular information.

What is the use of a blended axis?

Blended axis is used to blend measures that share the axis when they have the same scale.

What is the use of dual-axis?

Dual Axis enables users to compare measures. It is useful when they like to compare two measures having different scales.

What is LOD expression?

A LOD or (Level of Detail. expression is used to run complicated queries that involve many dimensions at the data source level.

Explain data modeling

Data modeling (data modeling. is the process of creating a data model for the data to be stored in a database.

This data model is a conceptual representation of Data objects, the associations between different data objects, and the rules. Data modeling helps in the visual representation of data and enforces business rules, regulatory compliances, and government policies on the data.

Explain stacked bar chart

Stacked Bar Chart is a chart that is composed of more than one bar that is stacked horizontally. The length of the bar is depended on the value given in the data point. This type of chart makes work more comfortable and helps the user to know changes in all the variables. Users can match the wanted changes in their future values.

Explain Page shelf

Page shelf can be used to view the visualization in video format by keeping the relevant filter on the page shelf.

Explain filter shelf

The filters that can control the visualization can be placed on the filter shelf, and the required dimensions or measures can be filtered in.

Define a bullet graph

A bullet graph is a modification of a bar graph. It is responsible for comparing the performance of measures.

What is Line Chart?

A-Line Chart is used to compare the data over different periods. A line chart is created by a series of dots. These dots represent the measured value in each period. The procedure to create a line graph is shown below.

List the categories of dimensions in Tableau

The categories of dimensions in Tableau are:

Slowly ever
Chop-chop ever
Unchanged dimension
Shrunken dimension
Junk dimension
Conformed dimension
Degenerated dimension
Role enjoying dimension
Inferred dimension

What are the various ways to use parameters in Tableau?

Various ways to use parameters in Tableau are: . filters, . calculated fields, . actions, . measure-swaps, . changing views, and . auto-updates

What is the user filter?

User filter secures the row-level data present in a dataset. It can be used when publishing the workbook on a server. Different filter conditions can be applied to different users.

What is Backgrounder?

The backgrounder refreshes planned extracts, conveys notifications, and handle other assignments run in the background. The backgrounder is responsible for expending as much as the processor is accessible to finish the background action as fast as possible.

Explain data visualization

Data visualization is one of the forms of visual communication. It includes producing images that communicate relationships among the data. This process can be achieved using a systematic mapping between data values and graphic marks.

How to perform performance testing in Tableau?

User can perform performance testing in Tableau using by:

Recording performance information about the events that interact with the workbook.

Reviewing the tableau desktop logs.

What is Aggregation?

Aggregation is the process of viewing measures or numeric values at higher and more summarized data.

Why use Disaggregation in Tableau?

Disaggregation is a Tableau used to view every row of the data source. It is useful while analyzing measures for both independent and dependent data in the view.

What the limitations of setting channels?

The limitations of setting channels are:

If the channel is changed by the customers on a regular basis, the database should be reprocessed and modify the short-lived table.
The transient table needs to reload every time when the view is begun.

What are the advantages of Tableau over excel?

The advantages of Tableau over excel are:

Tableau handles big data problems.
Excel does not have large columns and rows.
Excel has lesser resources than tableau.

What is the use of marks cards?

Marks cards can be used to design the visualization. The data components of the visualization, like color, size, shape, path, etc. used in the visualizations. It can be modified in the marks card.

List the types of maps available in Tableau

There are six types of maps in Tableau:

Choropleth maps (filled maps.
Proportional symbol maps
Spider maps (origin-destination maps.
Heatmaps (density maps.
What are Discrete data in tableau
Point distribution maps
Flow maps (path maps.

What is the use of a custom data view?

A custom data view is used by tableau users to extend the normal data views to gain the advantage of additional features.

What is Tableau Table Report?

Table Report in Tableau provides the primary ways to display data in tabular format.

What are the types of data sources that can be connected to Tableau’s native connectors?

What are the types of data sources that can be connected to Tableau’s native connectors are:

File systems like Excel and CSV.
Relational systems like SQL Server, Oracle, DB, etc.
Cloud systems like Google BigQuery and Microsoft Azure.
Database connection sources such as ODBC.

What is the use of data blending?

Data blending is used when the is a possibility of related data in multiple sources that you need to analyze in a view.

What is Worksheet in Tableau?

The worksheet is the place where the actual visualization can be viewed in the workbook. The design and functionalities of the visual can be viewed in the worksheet.

What are the types of Level of Detail?

There are three main types of LOD expressions.

Fixed LOD: It is a LOD expression that computes values using the mention dimensions without reference to any dimensions.
Include LOD:This expression compute values using the mention dimensions along with those who are present in view.
Exclude LOD:These LOC expressions subtract dimensions from the view.

What are the ways to sort out data in Tableau?

The ways to sort out data in Tableau are:

Computed sorting: It is a sort that can be applied on an axis using a sort button.

Manual sorting: It can be used to rearrange the dimension field order by dragging them to each other in an ad hoc manner.

What is the data server?

The data server is used to manage and store the data from external data sources. It is a central data management system. It provides metadata management, data security, data storage, data connection, and driver requirements. It stores the relevant details of data set such as metadata, calculated fields, sets, groups, and parameters. The data source could extract data as well as make live connections to external data sources.

What is the waterfall Chart?

Waterfall Chart can visualize the cumulative effect of a measure over dimension. It can show the contribution of growth or decline by each member in a dimension. For example, you can see the contribution of profit by each sub-category using a waterfall chart.

Explain measure names.

Measure names and Measure values are the two fields created in Tableau by default. These fields are created when a data set is imported into Tableau.

So, this brings us to the end of the Tableau Desktop Interview Questions blog. This Tecklearn ‘Top Tableau Desktop Interview Questions and Answers’ helps you with commonly asked questions if you are looking out for a job in Tableau Desktop or Business Intelligence Domain. If you wish to learn Tableau Desktop and build a career in Business Intelligence domain, then check out our interactive, Tableau Desktop Training, that comes with 24*7 support to guide you throughout your learning period.

https://www.tecklearn.com/course/tableau-desktop/

Tableau Desktop

About the Course

Tecklearn’s Tableau Desktop Training teach you how to transform raw data into interactive and shareable dashboards using Tableau. Our Tableau Course covers the necessary analytical skills to Advanced data visualizations by incorporating real-world use-case scenarios, labs, and exercises. Some of the topics included are Data Blending, Data Mapping, Graphs, creation of charts, and LOD expression by using different versions of Tableau, such as Tableau Desktop, Tableau Reader, and Tableau Public.

Why Should you take Tableau Desktop Training?

The average salary of a Tableau Professional ranges between $108,697 to $158,000 per annum -Indeed.com.
Tableau has been positioned as a Leader in the Gartner Magic Quadrant for Analytics and Business Intelligence Platforms – Gartner.com.
Fidelity Investments, Capgemini, EY, Deloitte, EY, JP Morgan, Verizon, Facebook, Dell, General Motors, KPMG, Bank of America and 40,000 other MNCs worldwide across industries use Tableau.

Curriculum

Understanding Tableau

Why Tableau
Tableau Product Platforms
Tableau Architecture
Tableau Interface

Data Connection with Tableau Desktop

Features of Tableau Desktop
Connect to data from File and Database
Types of Connections
Data Blending
Joins and Unions
Tableau Desktop User Interface
Basic project: Create a workbook and publish it on Tableau Online

Basic Visual Analytics

Visual Analytics
Basic Charts: Bar Chart, Line Chart, and Pie Chart
Hierarchies
Data Granularity
Highlighting
Sorting
Filtering
Grouping
Sets

Advanced Visual Analytics

Parameters
Tool tips
Trend lines
Reference lines
Forecasting
Clustering

Calculations in Tableau

Calculated Fields
Numeric, String, Data, Logical, Addressing and Partitioning
Table Calculations

Level of Detail (LOD’s) Calculations

Advanced Charts in Tableau

Box and Whisker’s Plot
Bullet Chart
Bar in Bar Chart
Gantt Chart
Waterfall Chart
Pareto Chart
Control Chart
Funnel Chart
Bump Chart

Parameters

What If Scenarios
Parameter in CF (KPI control)
Parameter in Filter (Top N)
Parameter in reference line

Dashboards and Stories

Introduction to Dashboards
The Dashboard Interface
Dashboard Objects
Building a Dashboard
Dashboard Layouts and Formatting
Interactive Dashboards with actions
Designing Dashboards for devices
Story Points

Data Security in Tableau

Optimizations tips and tricks

Interacting with Tableau Server

Working with Tableau JavaScript API

Got a question for us? Please mention it in the comments section and we will get back to you.

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