A scatterplot is a type of graph which uses values from two variables plotted in a Cartesian plane. It is usually used to find out the relationship between two variables. In SAS we use PROC SGSCATTER to create scatterplots.

Please note that we create the data set named CARS1 in the first example and use the same data set for all the subsequent data sets. This data set remains in the work library till the end of the SAS session.

Syntax

The basic syntax to create a scatter-plot in SAS is −

PROC sgscatter DATA = DATASET;
PLOT VARIABLE_1 * VARIABLE_2
/ datalabel = VARIABLE group = VARIABLE;
RUN;

Following is the description of parameters used −

• DATASET is the name of data set.

• VARIABLE is the variable used from the dataset.

Simple Scatterplot

In a simple scatterplot we choose two variables form the dataset and group them with respect a third variable. We can also label the data. The result shows how the two variables are scattered in the Cartesian plane.

Example

PROC SQL;
create table CARS1 as
SELECT make, model, type, invoice, horsepower, length, weight
FROM
SASHELP.CARS
WHERE make in ('Audi','BMW')
;
RUN;
TITLE 'Scatterplot - Two Variables';
PROC sgscatter DATA = CARS1;
PLOT horsepower*Invoice
/ datalabel = make group = type grid;
title 'Horsepower vs. Invoice for car makers by types';
RUN;

When we execute the above code, we get the following output −

sas 38

Scatterplot with Prediction

we can use an estimation parameter to predict the strength of correlation between by drawing an ellipse around the values. We use the additional options in the procedure to draw the ellipse as shown below.

Example

proc sgscatter data = cars1;
compare y = Invoice x = (horsepower length)
/ group = type ellipse =(alpha = 0.05 type = predicted);
title
'Average Invoice vs. horsepower for cars by length';
title2
'-- with 95% prediction ellipse --'
;

format
Invoice dollar6.0;
run;

When we execute the above code, we get the following output −

sas 39

Scatter Matrix

We can also have a scatterplot involving more than two variables by grouping them into pairs. In the example below we consider three variables and draw a scatter plot matrix. We get 3 pairs of resulting matrix.

Example

PROC sgscatter DATA = CARS1;
matrix horsepower invoice length
/ group = type;
title 'Horsepower vs. Invoice vs. Length for car makers by types';
RUN;

When we execute the above code, we get the following output −

sas 40

So, this brings us to the end of blog. This Tecklearn ‘How to create Scatter Plots in SAS’ blog helps you with commonly asked questions if you are looking out for a job in SAS. If you wish to learn SAS and build a career in Data Analytics domain, then check out our interactive, SAS Training for SAS BASE Certification Training, that comes with 24*7 support to guide you throughout your learning period. Please find the link for course details:

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What you will Learn in this Course?

Introduction to SAS

• Introduction to SAS

• Installation of SAS

• SAS windows

• Working with data sets

• Walk through of SAS windows like output, search, editor etc

SAS Enterprise Guide

• How to read and subset the data sets

• SET Statement

• Infile and Infile Options

• SAS Format -Format Vs Informat

SAS Operators and Functions

• Using Variables

• Defining and using KEEP and DROP statements

• Output Statement

• Retain Statement

• SUM Statement

Advanced SAS Procedures

• PROC Import

• PROC Print

• Data Step Vs Proc

• Deep Dive into Proc

Customizing Datasets

• SAS Arrays

• Useful SAS Functions

• PUT/INPUT Functions

• Date/Time Functions

• Numeric Functions

• Character Functions

SAS Format and SAS Graphs

• SAS Format statements

• Understanding PROC GCHART, various graphs, bar charts: pie, bar

Sorting Techniques

• NODUP

• NODUKEY

• NODUP Vs NODUKEY

Data Transformation Function

• Character functions, numeric functions and converting variable type

• Use functions in data transformation

Deep Dive into SAS Procedures, Functions and Statements

• Find Function

• Scan Function

• MERGE Statement

• BY Statement

• Joins

• Procedures Vs Function

• Where Vs If

• What is Missover

• NMISS

• CMISS

PROC SQL

• SELECT statement

• Sorting of Data

• CASE expression

• Other SELECT statement clauses

• JOINS and UNIONS

Using SAS Macros

• Benefits of SAS Macros

• Macro Variables

• Macro Code Constituents and Macro Step

• Positional Parameters to Macros

Got a question for us? Please mention it in the comments section and we will get back to you.

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