Correlation analysis deals with relationships among variables. The correlation coefficient is a measure of linear association between two variables. Values of the correlation coefficient are always between -1 and +1. SAS provides the procedure PROC CORR to find the correlation coefficients between a pair of variables in a dataset.

Syntax

The basic syntax for applying PROC CORR in SAS is −

PROC CORR DATA = dataset options;
VAR variable;

Following is the description of the parameters used −

Dataset is the name of the dataset.
Options is the additional option with procedure like plotting a matrix etc.
Variable is the variable name of the dataset used in finding the correlation.

Example

Correlation coefficients between a pair of variables available in a dataset can be obtained by use their names in the VAR statement.In the below example we use the dataset CARS1 and get the result showing the correlation coefficients between horsepower and weight.

PROC SQL;
create table CARS1 as
SELECT invoice, horsepower, length, weight
FROM
SASHELP.CARS
WHERE make in ('Audi','BMW')
;
RUN;

proc corr data = cars1 ;
VAR horsepower weight ;
BY make;
run;

When the above code is executed, we get the following result −

sas 56

Correlation Between All Variables

Correlation coefficients between all the variables available in a dataset can be obtained by simply applying the procedure with the dataset name.

Example

In the below example we use the dataset CARS1 and get the result showing the correlation coefficients between each pair of the variables.

proc corr data = cars1 ;

run;

When the above code is executed, we get the following result −

sas 57

Correlation Matrix

We can obtain a scatterplot matrix between the variables by choosing the option to plot matrix in the PROC statement.

Example

In below example we get the matrix between horsepower and weight.

proc corr data = cars1 plots = matrix ;
VAR horsepower weight ;
run;

When the above code is executed, we get the following result −

sas 58

So, this brings us to the end of blog. This Tecklearn ‘How to perform Correlation Analysis in SAS’ blog helps you with commonly asked questions if you are looking out for a job in SAS. If you wish to learn SAS and build a career in Data Analytics domain, then check out our interactive, SAS Training for SAS BASE Certification Training, that comes with 24*7 support to guide you throughout your learning period. Please find the link for course details:

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Introduction to SAS

Introduction to SAS
Installation of SAS
SAS windows
Working with data sets
Walk through of SAS windows like output, search, editor etc

SAS Enterprise Guide

How to read and subset the data sets
SET Statement
Infile and Infile Options
SAS Format -Format Vs Informat

SAS Operators and Functions

Using Variables
Defining and using KEEP and DROP statements
Output Statement
Retain Statement
SUM Statement

Advanced SAS Procedures

PROC Import
PROC Print
Data Step Vs Proc
Deep Dive into Proc

Customizing Datasets

SAS Arrays
Useful SAS Functions
PUT/INPUT Functions
Date/Time Functions
Numeric Functions
Character Functions

SAS Format and SAS Graphs

SAS Format statements
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Sorting Techniques

NODUP
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NODUP Vs NODUKEY

Data Transformation Function

Character functions, numeric functions and converting variable type
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Deep Dive into SAS Procedures, Functions and Statements

Find Function
Scan Function
MERGE Statement
BY Statement
Joins
Procedures Vs Function
Where Vs If
What is Missover
NMISS
CMISS

PROC SQL

SELECT statement
Sorting of Data
CASE expression
Other SELECT statement clauses
JOINS and UNIONS

Using SAS Macros

Benefits of SAS Macros
Macro Variables
Macro Code Constituents and Macro Step
Positional Parameters to Macros

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