Introduction to Ethereum and Smart Contracts

Last updated on Oct 20 2021
Avinash Malviya

Table of Contents

Introduction to Ethereum and Smart Contracts

A huge success of Bitcoin raised interest in the minds of several to create their own currencies. Looking at the advantages offered by Bitcoin – a digital currency, people wanted to use the concept of Blockchain in their own applications. People wanted to move out of their physical contracts to smart digital contracts where several issues like repudiation, transparency, security, etc. would be automatically addressed. The outcome of this effort resulted in the creation of Ethereum – a popular platform for creating distributed Blockchain applications that support smart contracts.
In this tutorial, you will learn how to create a distributed application (DAPP) on Ethereum platform. More specifically, you will learn how to write a contract, test it on a local Blockchain and finally deploy it on an external Blockchain for deep testing and commercial use. You will use Solidity, an object-oriented language for contract development. You will also use Remix, an open-source IDE for developing and testing contracts. To deploy the tested contract on an external Blockchain, you will use Ganache. To interact with the contract, you will need a client application. We will use MyEtherWallet to create a wallet for each such client. The contract creator will publish the contract. Any other client will look at the contact value by using the interface provided by the contract and send some money to the creator for executing a part of the contract.
So, let us begin by writing the contract.

Ethereum – Smart Contracts

There are several tools available to develop and test contracts. One of the simplest tools is provided on the official Ethereum site itself. The tool is called Remix, we will use this for our contract development.

Remix for Contract Development

Open the Remix IDE by typing in the following URL in your browser.
https://remix.ethereum.org
The following screen will appear.

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Remix IDE

In the center window, you will see some default code, which is a sample Solidity code. You will type your contract code in this code editor. Your code may be auto-compiled. Upon successful compilation of the code, you will be able to run the code in the same IDE. When you execute the contract methods, the results will be displayed in the same IDE window. There are facilities to debug the code and to unit test your project. These can be seen in the menu bar at the top right-hand side as shown in the IDE screenshot below. You will be using these options shortly.

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menu bar

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Tecklearn’s Blockchain and Ethereum Certification Training course in the blockchain technology that covers essential concepts like Blockchain programming, Ethereum, Solidity, Digital ledger types, Smart Contracts, Multichain, Bitcoin mining, Cryptocurrency, etc. The course provides an overview of the structure and mechanism of Blockchain. You will learn about the Ethereum ecosystem, how smart contracts are developed using Solidity and how to deploy a business network using Hyperledger Compose.

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What you will Learn in this Course?

Introduction and origin of Blockchain

• How does our current financial system work?
• What can be the possible solution
• What is a distributed system
• What is Blockchain
• How does a Blockchain work
• Components of Blockchain
• Business network
• Consensus, Provenances, immutability and finality

Cryptocurrency and Blockchain

• Distributed system
• Distributed Ledger technology
• Global Payments
• Why BlockChain
• BlockChain and use case needs
• Requirements of blockchain for business
• BlockChain benefits
• Types of BlockChain
• Hands on

Bitcoin Platform

• What is Bitcoin?
• Why use Bitcoins?
• Bitcoin Ecosystem
• Structure of a Bitcoin Transaction
• Merkel Trees
• Scripting language in Bitcoin
• Applications of Bitcoin script
• Nodes in a Bitcoin Network
• Bitcoin Economics
• What is Bitcoin Mining?
• Types of Mining
• Mining and Consensus
• Hands On

Introduction to Ethereum

• What is Ethereum?
• Ethereum Layers
• Introducing Smart Contracts
• Cryptocurrency in Ethereum
• Mining in Ethereum
• Consensus Mechanism
• Platform Functions in Ethereum
• Technologies that support Ethereum
• Ethereum Programming Language
• Components for the development of Ethereum DApps
• Editors and tools
• Frontend Development
• Ethereum Test Networks
• ERC Tokens
• Hands On

Solidity

• Introducing Solidity
• Sample Code, Layout of Source File
• Structure of a Contract
• State Variables, Functions Types, Reference Types
• Special Variables and Functions, Expressions and Control Structures
• Function Calls, Error Handling
• Visibility for Functions and State Variables
• Inheritance, Constructors
• Importing Smart Contracts
• Gas Limit and Loops
• Sending and Receiving Ether
• Recommendations
• Contract ABI
• Setting up the development environment and Deploying DApp
• Hands On

Hyperledger

• Introduction to Hyperledger
• Hyperledger architecture
• Hyperledger Fabric V1 Architecture
• Consensus
• Hyperledger API
• Hyperledger Application Model
• Hyperledger project and tools
• Network Topology
• Exploring Hyperledger frameworks
• Business Network Deployment on Hyperledger Composer Playground
• Sample Transaction
• Service invoices
• Hands On

Hyperledger Composer

• Development Environment using Composer
• Developing business networks
• Testing business networks
• Introduction to Hyperledger Fabric
• Hyperledger Fabric Model
• Ways to create Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain Network
• Hands On

Create and Deploy Your Private Blockchain On Multichain

• What Is MultiChain
• MultiChain Privacy and Permissions
• Mining in MultiChain
• Multiple configurable Blockchains using MultiChain
• Setting up a Private Blockchain
• Hands On

Blockchain Use Cases

• Potential use cases in Blockchain
• BlockChain project

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